GE Aerospace : 2025 Task Force on Climate-related Financial Disclosures (TCFD) Report
GE
Published on 06/26/2025 at 16:46
Moving innovation forward
Task Force on Climate-related Financial Disclosures (TCFD) Report June 26, 2025
Introduction
Strategy, metrics, and
Governance
Risk management
TCFD index TCFD Report 3
Strategy, metrics, and targets
We are building on the spirit of invention that has fueled us for over a century
to help support the industry's goal of achieving net zero carbon emissions by 2050.2
In terms of innovation, the implementation of next-generation technology will depend on the evolution of new aircraft and engine designs, infrastructure, and regulations, in accordance with the sector's considerations regarding safety, reliability, and the physics of aviation. While this journey will be measured in decades, the commercial aviation industry's ambition to achieve net zero carbon emissions by 2050 is driving action today.
We endeavor to support our customers by continuing to deliver more efficient engines and new forms of propulsion. The engines we manufacture today enable up to 40% less fuel consumption and up to 40% less carbon emissions than those manufactured in the 1970s and 1980s. For the future of flight, GE Aerospace is advancing new aviation technologies through demonstrators including the
CFM RISE program. The aim of the program is to develop technologies that will enable engines that are at least 20% more fuel efficient and generate 20% less carbon
emissions than today's most efficient commercial engines, and that are compatible with alternative energy sources such as SAF, while meeting customer expectations for durability and reliability. SAF can reduce fuel lifecycle emissions by up to 80%.
The technology pillars that comprise the CFM RISE program are advanced engine architectures such as Open Fan, compact core designs, hybrid electric systems, and alternative fuels.
Moving our efforts beyond propulsion leadership, we established Aerospace Carbon Solutions to catalyze progress in SAF and carbon removal credits, which will be essential to the industry achieving its decarbonization goals. We are also mobilizing our team at GE Aerospace's research center to design technologies that reduce the cost and increase the potential scale of SAF refining, hydrogen production, and direct air carbon capture.
GE Aerospace remains focused on innovating cutting-edge technology and making operational improvements to help meet historic demand while decreasing emissions. We invested approximately $2.7 billion in research and development (R&D) in 2024,3 including the development of technologies for a smarter and more efficient future
of flight.
(million metric tons CO2)
2019
2022
2023
2024
51.73
25.05
30.62
27.86
GE Aerospace's net Scope 3 carbon emissions from the use of sold products for commercial engines7 decreased from 2019 to 2022 due to lower engine sales in light of reduced demand for travel during COVID-19, 737 MAX groundings, and supply chain constraints. Net carbon emissions saw
an increase in 2023 driven by increased global travel demand, followed by a 9% decrease in 2024 compared to the previous year, primarily due to a reduction in engine deliveries caused by continued supply chain constraints. We expect our net carbon emissions to continue to increase as demand for travel increases.
(grams CO2/RPK8)
2019
2022
2023
2024
5.96
5.67
5.17
5.37
Estimated lifetime emissions of commercial engine products installed on widebody, narrowbody, regional, and business jet aircraft by year. Based on
Greenhouse Gas Protocol, Scope 3 use of sold products, category 11 methodology.
To learn more about our methodology for calculating emissions, please see our 2025 Sustainability Report: Supplementary Materials appendix.
https://www.atag.org/
Amount represents research and development as reported in our 2024 Form 10-K and includes customer and partner funding.
Calculations use actual commercial engine deliveries by GE Aerospace/
GE Aerospace Partnership companies to airframers for installation on new aircraft in alignment with our financial reporting.
2019 and 2022-2024 data is presented here to reflect the profile of GE Aerospace as it exists today.
Figures do not include any SAF projection over the forecast product life.
Estimated lifetime emissions of commercial engine products installed on widebody, narrowbody, regional, and business jet aircraft by year.
Revenue, passenger per kilometer.
Introduction
Strategy, metrics, and
Governance
Risk management
TCFD index TCFD Report 4
GE Aerospace's roadmap for the future of flight
This summary shows our across-the-board activities to support the future of flight, including the development of more efficient engine technologies compatible with alternative fuels by collaborating with others across the industry. In addition, we are exploring the use of carbon-reduction market mechanisms consistent with industry roadmaps.
Actions pre-2020
2020-2030
2030-2050
Engine technology
Operational efficiency
SAF
Market-based mechanism
2024 and 2025 progress
can be found in our 2025 Sustainability Report.
More fuel-efficient commercial engine products certified: Passport, GEnx, CFM LEAP
Twin Annular Premixing Swirler (TAPS) combustor to reduce nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions
Fewer part counts, optimized part designs from additive manufacturing vs. conventional manufacturing
More fuel-efficient commercial engines certified: GE9X
CFM RISE program unveiled, advancing a suite of engine technologies including advanced engine architectures such as Open Fan, compact core, and hybrid electric systems
World's first to test high-power, high-voltage hybrid electric components in simulated altitude conditions up to 45,000 feet
Potential entry into service of new engine technologies that, combined, could achieve at least 20% better fuel efficiency than today's most efficient commercial engines
Real-time data monitoring of operator fleets
Flight Management System for optimized airport descents
Fuel Insight software enables increases in fuel efficiency, lower costs, and reductions in carbon emissions
Expanded real-time data monitoring and records
Fuel Insight, FlightPulse™, and Airspace Insight software use data to optimize flight plans and routes for fuel savings
SIGNPOST and DECISIONX software from Aerospace Carbon Solutions enable airlines to manage regulatory and voluntary CO2 and non-CO2 emissions
Enhanced flight data analytics for fuel savings recommendations
All GE Aerospace and partner engines can operate on approved SAF blends
Industry's first commercial airliner flight with 100% SAF in both GE90 engines
Active participation in ASTM International for qualification of new SAF production pathways and co-processing approaches
Tested 10th aircraft engine model with 100% SAF and conducted first experimental flight with invited passengers using 100% SAF in one of two LEAP-1B engines
Chair ASTM International committee responsible for SAF pathway qualifications and development of 100% drop-in SAF specification
GE Aerospace's research center, working with Aerospace Carbon Solutions, is developing technologies that could help close the cost gap between SAF and conventional jet fuel to support industry efforts to grow the availability and adoption of SAF
Support adoption of 100% SAF
GE Aerospace and partner engines can operate on 100% drop-in SAF once approved for commercial use
Pursuing partnerships within the carbon credit market to accelerate deployment and lower technology cost
Support operationalization of market-based mechanisms to help accelerate the availability of CORSIA-eligible carbon credits
Exploring expansion of our investments in carbon dioxide removal (CDR) solutions such as direct air capture
Continue to support the supply of and access to CORSIA-eligible carbon credits for the aviation industry
Agreement with U.S. Department of Energy to expand supercomputing capability for revolutionary new Open Fan engine architecture
CFM and Airbus teams continue to work together on engine and aircraft design integration in preparation for an Open Fan Flight Test Demonstrator this decade
GE Aerospace, Boeing, and NASA study performance of installed Open Fan engine design
More than 350 tests completed for the CFM RISE program
Avio Aero receives U.S. Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) certification for CatalystTM turboprop engine
Procured 250,000 gallons of blended SAF to be physically delivered to Peebles Test Operation and sustainable fuel certificates (SAFc) for 400,000 gallons of neat SAF, through book-and-claim More details on our current and future technologies
GE Aerospace acquired a contrail management and forecasting company
Introduction
Strategy, metrics, and
Governance
Risk management
TCFD index TCFD Report 5
Our goal is to achieve net zero carbon for Scope 1 and 2 operational emissions by 2030.9
To do so, we are using FLIGHT DECK to reduce energy waste and increase energy efficiency while transitioning to decarbonized power globally. While we are focused on driving absolute reductions to achieve net zero, where necessary, we plan to balance remaining emissions with carbon removal credits. GE Aerospace internally tracks progress to established targets against a 2019 base year.
By the end of 2024, we reduced our Scope 1 and 2 (market-based) CO2e emissions by 43% versus a 2019 base year.
More details on how we are optimizing our operations can be found in our 2025 Sustainability Report.
Infrastructure investments, operational optimization, and FLIGHT DECK Fundamentals help us improve energy efficiency.
GE Aerospace uses a Carbon KPI to track carbon emissions reductions at participating sites. Projects and actions implemented in 2024 have led to an annual reduction of approximately 13,900 metric tons of CO2e.
One of the levers we are using to achieve our 2030 net zero carbon goal is improving our acceptance testing fuel efficiency. As of 2024, we have consumed 15.7% less fuel compared to an equivalent mix of engines at our largest testing site, Peebles, in 2023.
SAF will be a significant contributor to the decarbonization of commercial aviation and GE Aerospace has been
active in the assessment and qualification of SAF since 2006. In 2024, GE Aerospace procured 250,000 gallons of blended SAF to be physically delivered to Peebles Test Operation.
Aerospace Carbon Solutions was created to further empower our customers with incremental tools and services to decarbonize at the lowest cost possible. Additionally, we are putting our capabilities into practice through the use of available decarbonization levers to help address our own Scope 1 emissions:
400,000 gallons of neat SAF purchased through the book-and-claim system
~1,000 metric tons of CO2offset from Scope 1 fleet emissions using carbon removal credits
By decoupling the physical fuel product from its lifecycle carbon emissions reduction, book-and-claim enables greater SAF adoption by eliminating the geographic barriers of benefiting from the use of SAF, allowing
more customers to participate in SAF investments. This minimizes the added environmental footprint of physically delivering SAF, by uplifting near the point of production and taking credit for SAF environmental benefits.
In addition to making operational improvements in energy efficiency, we are also focused on procuring carbon-free electricity, including on-site solar electricity. We are actively engaging with energy power providers and identifying market mechanism opportunities such as power purchase agreements (PPAs). These would enable us to purchase
a stable supply of carbon-free electricity over a specified period of time while supporting the development of renewable energy projects.
Locations within GE Aerospace's operational control as defined by the GHG Protocol.
Carbon-free energy use based on generation from GE Aerospace-owned renewable assets (solar, wind, or other), Power Purchase Agreements (PPAs), and Environmental Attribute Certificates (EACs) among others.
Disclaimer
GE Aerospace - General Electric Company published this content on June 26, 2025, and is solely responsible for the information contained herein. Distributed via Public Technologies (PUBT), unedited and unaltered, on June 26, 2025 at 20:45 UTC.